Theory Explosive Isnad and Isnad Family Nabia Abbott in Revealing The Authenticity of The Prophet Hadith

Abstract

This article examines Nabia Abbott's theory and formulation in revealing the authenticity of Prophet Muhammad's Hadith. Nabia Abbott is one of the female orientalists who recognize the authenticity of the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad. Nabia Abbott has a different perspective from other orientalists, such as Joseph Schacht, who tend to be skeptical and do not recognize the authenticity of Hadith. Nabia Abbott rejects and criticizes some of Joseph Sachcht's opinions on Hadith and seeks to objectively prove the authenticity of the Prophet's Hadith by creating an explosive isnad and isnad family theory. This paper examines the theory and formulation of the explosive Isnad and isnad family. The method used is qualitative-descriptive based on literature studies. The results of this study are 1.) Explosive isnad theory is the occurrence of explosive isnad narration involving many hadith narrations from the first to the third century of the Hijriyah. Nabia used a geometric series formulation in applying the explosive isnad theory, with results indicating that it was impossible if the Hadith was not authentic from the Prophet because it involved many people in the narration process with the same hadith editor. 2.) The theory of the Isnad Family is divided into two, namely, the isnad family and non-family Isnad. Isnad Family is a transmission of Hadith narrated by certain people with blood relations or closeness (mawali). In contrast, non-family isnad theory is transmission between two people who do not have blood relations, such as family or relatives (mawali), such as the transmission of Hadith between teacher and student.