Tantangan dan Peluang China dalam Penerapan Kebijakan Politik Luar Negeri di Afghanistan yang Dipimpin Taliban Sejak Tahun 2021-2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v5i4.20045Keywords:
China, Afghanistan, Taliban, Belt and Road InitiativeAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis berbagai bentuk, peluang dan tantangan terkait kebijakan politik luar negeri China di Afghanistan yang dipimpin Taliban Sejak Tahun 2021-2024. Meskipun China dan Afghanistan telah menjalin hubungan diplomatik sejak lama, namun kebijakan luar negeri China terhadap Afganistan terlihat lebih pasif. Era pemerintahan Xi Jinping yang dimulai tahun 2013 membawa arah perubahan kebijakan luar negeri China menuju arah yang lebih prokatif. Bersamaan dengan visi “China Dream” yang digaungkan oleh pemerintahan Xi, China mulai berperan aktif dalam urusan global. Proyek-proyek kerjasama antar negara, khususnya dalam bidang pembangunan infrastruktur dan konektivitas, yang dikenal dengan nama Belt and Road Initiative, mulai digencarkan. Demi mendukung proyek tersebut, yang juga merupakan perwujudan dari kepentingan nasional China, pemerintah China berusaha untuk membangun kerjasama dengan negara-negara di kawasan, termasuk dalam hal ini Afghanistan. Situasi Afghanistan pasca berkuasanya Taliban menghadirkan beragam peluang dan tantangan bagi China. Sumber daya alam yang melimpah, relasi yang telah terjalin baik menjadi peluang yang dapat dimanfaatkan. Namun keterbatasan sumber daya manusia yang handal, infrastruktur serta instabilitas keamanan menjadi tantangan bagi China untuk menjalankan kebijakan politik luar negerinya di Afghanistan.
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