Kontribusi Sektor Keuangan dalam Upaya Pelestarian Lingkungan: Proses Pembentukan Norma Keuangan Berkelanjutan Global
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v5i4.19799Keywords:
Keuangan Berkelanjutan, Norma Global, Environment Sustainability, Global Norms, Sustainable Finance, Kelestarian LingkunganAbstract
Abstrak
Krisis iklim global merupakan dampak dari degradasi lingkungan akibat pembangunan yang tidak berkelanjutan. Sektor keuangan mulai memainkan peran penting dalam merespons tantangan ini melalui adopsi norma keuangan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan bagaimana norma keuangan berkelanjutan terbentuk dan menyebar secara global, serta siapa aktor utama yang mendorongnya. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan kerangka norm life cycle, penelitian ini menelusuri proses artikulasi, difusi, dan pelembagaan norma dari tahap norm emergence, cascade, hingga internalization. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa UNEP berperan sebagai norm entrepreneur yang memulai penyebaran norma melalui inisiatif kelembagaan lintas sektor, yang kemudian memperoleh adopsi luas dan akhirnya menjadi standar regulatif. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa keberhasilan pelembagaan norma ditentukan oleh kombinasi antara kepemimpinan normatif, dukungan kelembagaan, dan insentif reputasional dalam sistem keuangan global.
Kata kunci: Keuangan Berkelanjutan, Norma Global, Kelestarian Lingkungan
Abstract
The global climate crisis stems from accelerating environmental degradation driven by unsustainable development practices. In response, the financial sector has emerged as a key actor in advancing sustainability through the adoption of sustainable finance norms. This study examines how these norms are formed and diffused at the global level, and identifies the principal actors driving the process. Using a qualitative approach and the norm life cycle framework, the research traces the norm’s trajectory through the stages of emergence, cascade, and internalization. Findings indicate that the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), acting as a norm entrepreneur, initiated cross-sectoral institutional partnerships that promoted the integration of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations. The widespread adoption of these norms and their incorporation into formal regulatory frameworks demonstrate a shift in global financial governance. The study concludes that normative leadership, institutional support, and reputational incentives are key to successful norm institutionalization.
Keywords: Environment Sustainability, Global Norms, Sustainable Finance
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